Can Hiv Baby Breastfeed When Mom Is Hiv
Homo immunodeficiency virus, more normally known every bit HIV, is a virus that, without treatment, leads to deterioration of your torso's immune system to a bespeak where your body has trouble fighting off mild infections. When your immune system has go severely damaged after a prolonged period with HIV, it's known as acquired immune deficiency syndrome or AIDS.
HIV is a bloodborne retrovirus that infects specific cells in the homo immune system called CD4 T cells. CD4 cells normally play an important role in your immune system. They're responsible for detecting harmful pathogens like leaner and viruses so your body can begin fighting off those pathogens.
There's no cure for HIV, and in one case yous contract it, the virus volition remain in your body for life. Over time, if left untreated, HIV can progressively damage your immune system to a point where you lot become susceptible to AIDS-defining illnesses — infections and conditions that wouldn't normally make you lot sick if your allowed system was performance properly.
In honor of National HIV/AIDS & Crumbling Awareness Twenty-four hours, we're going to talk over the causes of, symptoms of, and treatments for HIV and AIDs.
Many people take no symptoms at all after initially becoming infected with HIV. Still, most people practice experience some non-specific symptoms within the showtime few weeks after infection. This means the symptoms are typical of many illnesses and don't immediately point to one specific status as their cause. For HIV, non-specific symptoms include:
- Flu-like symptoms
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Headache
- Stiff or aching muscles
- Rash
- Oral fissure ulcers
- Sore throat
- Sweating at dark
- Swollen lymph glands
Later this initial illness, which is known as "seroconversion," most people live for many years without whatever symptoms until the virus has harmed their allowed organization to a point where they start to get significantly more vulnerable to infections and illnesses.
HIV is present in the blood, pre-ejaculatory fluid, semen, vaginal fluid, rectal fluid, and chest milk of people with the virus. HIV can be transmitted by:
- Sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex, and through the sharing of sex toys
- Sharing of needles, which most commonly occurs in groups of people who are using intravenous drugs
- Receiving a claret transfusion from an infected individual; this rarely occurs in developed countries, as donor blood is unremarkably screened for blood-borne viruses such as HIV
- Childbirth; HIV tin be passed from the pregnant parent to the child during pregnancy or childbirth
- Breastfeeding; HIV exists in breast milk and tin be passed on to a child
In rare cases, HIV can also be spread past:
- Ingesting pre-chewed food from someone who has the virus; this is a common do in some underdeveloped countries and is generally done to feed small children or elderly people
- Being bitten past someone or biting someone who has HIV
- Kissing, if there is bleeding inside the mouth
- Undergoing body-modification procedures such as tattoos or piercings if tools are not properly sterilized between clients
The vast majority of cases of HIV in the Us are caused via sexual contact. HIV cannot be spread by:
- Air
- Water
- Insect bites
- Saliva
- Sweat
- Tears
- Coincidental contact such as shaking easily or hugging
Diagnosing HIV
HIV is usually diagnosed via a blood test. The most accurate and reliable examination is known every bit a fourth-generation test. It checks for both a specific role of the HIV viral structure (called the p24 antigen) and your own body's response to the infection (HIV antibodies).
Bespeak-of-intendance tests are also available, and they differ from fourth-generation tests. These take a small-scale sample of saliva or blood and provide a result in less than an hour. All the same, these are less sensitive and may not pick up all cases of HIV due to the smaller concentration of antibodies in the saliva or minor blood sample. Yous should ever follow up a point-of-intendance consequence with a confirmatory laboratory test. At that place are also self-sampling and home-testing kits available.
Any positive result is ordinarily repeated to bank check it wasn't a rare false-positive. If yous're diagnosed with HIV, y'all'll be referred to a specialist HIV eye to discuss treatment right abroad.
HIV has a window period, significant information technology can take a certain length of fourth dimension for a test to be able to find the virus in your torso. Many newer tests can determine results in 99% of people 45 days post-obit their potential exposure. If you think you might have been exposed to HIV, it may not show up in a blood test for 45 days. Point-of-care testing and at-dwelling testing tin can have an even longer window catamenia, sometimes lasting up to 12 weeks.
Treatment for HIV
There is no cure for HIV, just the infection tin can exist managed, allowing people with the virus to lead long and normal lives. Handling for HIV unremarkably involves a number of different antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. The virus requires an enzyme called protease in social club to replicate, so treatment will involve protease inhibitors too equally ARV drugs. This combination of medications is called highly active antiretroviral handling, or HAART.
The aim of handling is to reduce the level of circulating virus particles in your body to a point where HIV is no longer detectable. This means that the virus is at such depression levels that it won't cause nearly as much harm to your allowed system, and you lot likely won't be able to transmit information technology to anyone. Undetectable means untransmissable. Many people reach this level within six months of handling.
HIV drugs, similar whatever medication, can cause side effects, such every bit nausea, diarrhea, headache and rash. Some people experience long-term side effects, such every bit changes in claret cholesterol levels or interference with liver or kidney performance. Yous'll be regularly monitored for these side furnishings once you start medication therapy.
How well the treatment is working is monitored by two parameters: the HIV viral load, meaning how many viral particles are nowadays in your blood, and the CD4 count, which is a measure out of how much the HIV virus has damaged specific blood cells of your allowed organization.
Post-exposure prophylaxis, or PEP, is a set of medications that y'all can take very presently afterwards potential exposure to HIV. In virtually cases, these drugs tin can prevent infection from occurring. This handling should but be used in an emergency and must be taken within 72 hours of exposure. PEP is usually taken for a period of 28 days.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP (available nether the make names Truvada® and Descovy®), is a medication that you tin can take if you lot're at high adventure of contracting HIV. These drugs can protect y'all from acquiring an infection with the virus. You lot tin take PrEP daily or "on demand," in which you take the medication right before you could potentially exist exposed to the virus.
HIV Prognosis
HIV is a chronic condition that currently has no cure, but people with the virus have plenty of effective options for managing the condition and living comfortably. Without handling, nearly every HIV patient volition go on to develop AIDS. Still, when doctors find HIV early on and begin providing prompt treatment, the prognosis for people with HIV is very good. Nowadays, someone who's diagnosed early on with a high CD4 count has the aforementioned life expectancy as someone without HIV. Withal, people with HIV do appear to develop some other conditions at before ages than those without HIV — including cardiovascular affliction, kidney disease, lung disease, diabetes and cancer — which may equate to differences in quality of life.
If someone doesn't get treatment early, the virus volition progress and weaken their allowed system, which may cause more complications later in life. All the same, handling can still be constructive, no thing when the virus is diagnosed.
At that place'south a very minor group of people who, despite having HIV in their bodies, never develop AIDS. These patients are called "long-term nonprogressors," and it'south not clear what makes them resistant to the furnishings of HIV.
The all-time way to foreclose the spread of HIV is to do condom sex, as this is how most cases are transmitted. Consistent and correct safety apply can preclude the spread of the virus. Sharing needles when misusing injectable drugs is another common form of manual, and it's of import to never share another person'southward needles or injecting equipment. If y'all're looking for assistance in overcoming drug addiction, contact the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357 for free and confidential counseling.
HIV tin can be transmitted from a pregnant parent to their unborn kid, so it's of import if you have HIV and become meaning to inform your obstetrician immediately. They can help you take steps to reduce the hazard of spreading the disease to your unborn baby. Consider the utilise of PrEP to preclude infection acquisition if you're unable to avoid potential contact with HIV.
Resource Links:
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/default.html
https://www.fpa.org.great britain/sites/default/files/hiv-data-and-advice.pdf
https://world wide web.aidsmap.com/news/mar-2020/yes-same-life-expectancy-hiv-negative-people-far-fewer-years-good-wellness
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/
https://medlineplus.gov/hivaids.html
https://bestpractice.bmj.com/patient-leaflets/en-gb/pdf/3000138/HIV%3A%20what%20is%20it%3F.pdf
https://world wide web.tht.org.uk/hiv-and-sexual-health
https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics
Source: https://www.symptomfind.com/health/hiv-condition?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740013%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
0 Response to "Can Hiv Baby Breastfeed When Mom Is Hiv"
Post a Comment